Study Chapter 6: Ionic and Molecular Compounds flashcards. Write the formula for the molecular compound iodine pentafluoride. Ionic . d. NO3-, a. sulfate -2 charge, gains 2 electrons The amorphous form (g-B2O3) is by far the most common. Hydrogen bonding is a term describing an attractive interaction between a hydrogen atom from a molecule or a molecular fragment XH in which X is more electronegative than H, and an atom or a group of atoms in the same or a different molecule, in which there is evidence of bond formation. In other words, total amount of positive charge is equal to total amount of negative charge. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser, Choose 1 type of electromagnetic wave. A perfect single crystal of a covalent solid is therefore a single giant molecule. Diamond, on the other hand, is colorless when pure because it has no delocalized electrons. This model does not, however, explain many of the other properties of metals, such as their metallic luster and the observed trends in bond strength as reflected in melting points or enthalpies of fusion. Cations tend to be smaller due to the slight postive charge of the ions, which pulls the electrons closer to nucleus and is a result of losing an electron. d. sulfur hexafluoride. Its acidity slightly decreases as you get older, with its pH level rising closer to 5. This is the element aluminum and has 13 protons and 10 electrons. c. Forms K2O. One common examples of network solids are diamond (a form of pure carbon) Carbon exists as a pure element at room temperature in three different forms: graphite (the most stable form), diamond, and fullerene. d. +1 charge, loses 1 electron Describe the wave's frequency and wavelength as well as what the wav c. Se, Ca, O, 6.65 Predict whether each of the following bonds is nonpolar cova- lent, polar covalent, or ionic: b. Si-Br e. Br, a. d.K You can often recognize ionic compounds because of their properties. Write the name for the ionic compound Mg3N2. What is the haplogroup of most African American? What force holds the carbon sheets together in graphite? f. cobalt(III) fluoride, a. MgCl2 a. oxygen difluoride D. There is more likely to be an earthquake in a "highest hazard" location than in a "lowest hazard" location. d. gallium and oxygen, a. K+, S2-; K2S b. Br2O, a. d. P-Br In what instance are double or triple bonds used for lewis structure? The slipperiness of graphite is enhanced by the introduction of impurities. The vaginas pH level is about 3.8 to 4.5, which means its on the acidic side. c. hydrogen sulfite This agrees with our prediction. Silver nitrate Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound with chemical formula AgNO3. c. Ba2+ and N3- B2O3 Rank the polarity of bonds from least to greatest attraction. As a result, they tend to be rather soft and have low melting points, which depend on their molecular structure. Diamond are renowned for its hardness. d. tin(II) nitrite, 6.41 Name each of the following ionic compounds: b. Li-F NH4Cl,expectorant [21] Carefully controlled heating rate avoids gumming as water evolves. 3 protons, 2 electrons Compound Name a. Cl intermolecular attractions are bonds that form between two molecules. Although the elemental composition of most alloys can vary over wide ranges, certain metals combine in only fixed proportions to form intermetallic compounds with unique properties. Dielectric properties (constant Exercise 2: Naming Chemical Compounds Data Table 2. d. Pb4+ All of these substances are pure carbon. Molecular solids are held together by relatively weak forces, such as dipoledipole interactions, hydrogen bonds, and London dispersion forces. -3 charge, gains 3 electrons The actual melting points are C6(CH3)6, 166C; Zn, 419C; RbI, 642C; and Ge, 938C. The transfer of energy through the solid by successive collisions between the metal ions also explains the high thermal conductivity of metals. d. Cesium fluoride Thus, the compound formed from sodium and chlorine will be ionic (a metal and a non-metal). Because all the atoms are the same, there can be no ionic bonding, yet metals always contain too few electrons or valence orbitals to form covalent bonds with each of their neighbors. Characteristics of Analog and Digital Signals a. Si-Br 109 degrees angles always exist. e. MgO d. Zn3P2 c. nitrogen When all 4 electron groups are bonded to central atom, a tetrahedral shape with 109 degrees angles form. Compounds that are composed of only non-metals or semi-metals with non-metals will display covalent bonding and will be classified as molecular compounds. Products that contain boric acid have been registered for use in the United States since 1948. boron oxide Diboron trioxide is a boron oxide with formula B2O3. Thus Ge is probably a covalent solid. Binary Molecuar and lonic Compound Names Formula B20 N20 Molecular or lonic Compound? a. this is the ion sulfide, it has 16 protons and 18 electrons A. the distance from the epicenter of an earthquake To completely describe the bonding in graphite, we need a molecular orbital approach similar to the one used for benzene in Chapter 9. Boron trioxide The attractive interaction in a hydrogen bond typically has a strong electrostatic contribution, but dispersion forces and weak covalent bonding are also present. (If teacher says its ionic then that's OK) B2O3 is more. Forms LiCl; separately they are Li+ and Cl- Compounds that do not contain ions, but instead consist of atoms bonded tightly together in molecules (uncharged groups of atoms that behave as a single unit), are called covalent compounds. b. what is the significance of dispersion forces in non polar molecules? Dots are employed to indicate the presence of a hydrogen bond: XHY. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. An antacid called Amphojel contains aluminum hydroxide, which treats acid indigestion and heartburn. I love to write and share science related Stuff Here on my Website. Compound Name BrF AlBr H,O, 14 15 17 18 19 Xe,F Data Table 3. Mg2+, Magnesium The strongest polarity is of an ionic bond, in which electronegativity difference between atoms are greater than 1.8. of all the compounds, ionic bonds are strongest. Metallic solids have unusual properties: in addition to having high thermal and electrical conductivity and being malleable and ductile, they exhibit luster, a shiny surface that reflects light. d. polar covalent, Using electronegativity values, classify each of the following bonds as nonpolar cova- lent, polar covalent, or ionic: We expect C6(CH3)6 to have the lowest melting point and Ge to have the highest melting point, with RbI somewhere in between. Compound Name BrF AlBr H,O, 14 15 17 18 19 Xe,F Data Table 3. These include insects, spiders, mites, algae, molds, fungi, and weeds. c. tetraphosphorous trisulfide The solid consists of discrete chemical species held together by intermolecular forces that are electrostatic or Coulombic in nature. Explain why this property is expected on the basis of the structure of graphite. How many carbon atoms are in a ring? Data Table 1: Binary Molecular and Ionic Compound Names 2.) c. polar covalent c. N-N d. phosphorous pentachloride d. Na+, most prevalent positive ion in extracellular fluid, a. Where would such impurities be located and why would they make graphite a better lubricant? b. carbonate What types of bonds make up compounds and which is the most prevalent? Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. b. iron (III) oxide The basic unit of the structure consists of oxygen atoms arranged in planar chains of equilateral triangles and containing a centered boron atom. The actual melting points are C60, about 300C; AgZn, about 700C; BaBr2, 856C; and GaAs, 1238C. c. ammonium chloride How can you determine which charge is the correct charge for the transition element in an ionic compound? Zn is a d-block element, so it is a metallic solid. ionic. Easily ignited by friction. Download for free at http://cnx.org/contents/85abf193-2bda7ac8df6@9.110). does not occur in non polar or ionic bonds. Dipole-dipole forces are attractions between oppositely charged regions of polar molecules. Molecules are the simplest unit of a covalent compound, and molecules can be represented in many different ways. d. Lead(IV) c. Cu2O These compounds are often described as having ionic character and these types of covalent bonds can often be readily broken to form sets of ions. It is difficult to deform or melt these and related compounds because strong covalent (CC or SiSi) or polar covalent (SiC or SiO) bonds must be broken, which requires a large input of energy. Compounds that are composed of only non-metals or semi-metals with non-metals will display covalent bonding and will be classified as molecular compounds. How do you determine shape of a molecule? Elemental silicon has the same structure, as does silicon carbide (SiC), which has alternating C and Si atoms. These conclude the intermolecular forces. National Center for Biotechnology Information . d. Al+3 (aluminum ion), O2- (oxide ion). D. the total amount of energy released by an earthquake. This applies to transitional elements. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. b. ammonium sulfide d. OH-. Create flashcards for FREE and quiz yourself with an interactive flipper. Example, Cl is chlorine, Cl- is chloride. D. Magnitude measures the energy released by the earthquake, while intensity measures its duration. . draw lewis structure then determine number of electron groups. The structure of crystalline quartz (SiO2), shown in Section 12.1, can be viewed as being derived from the structure of silicon by inserting an oxygen atom between each pair of silicon atoms. a. N-F It is inexpensive and available over the counter in small, clear gelatin capsules (called boric acid vaginal suppositories) that are inserted intravaginally, often with the help of an applicator. ], Skin: Prevent skin contact Eyes: Prevent eye contact Wash skin: When contaminated Remove: When wet or contaminated Change: No recommendation, NIOSH REL : TWA 10 mg/m 3 OSHA PEL ? Molecular weight of B2O3 B2O3 molecular weight Molar mass of B2O3 = 69.6202 g/mol This compound is also known as Diboron Trioxide. Predict the charge on monatomic ions. Polyatomic ions. d. SnCl2, a. gold chloride Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Molecular or Ionic Compound? [7] It has many important industrial applications, chiefly in ceramics as a flux for glazes and enamels and in the production of glasses. c. Ba3N2 (+)--->(-) Nitrous oxide How is the formula of an ionic compound properly written? Molecular solids consist of atoms or molecules held to each other by dipoledipole interactions, London dispersion forces, or hydrogen bonds, or any combination of these. It has been reported to cause moderate irritation of skin and mucous membranes. The packing efficiency in metallic crystals tends to be high, so the resulting metallic solids are dense, with each atom having as many as 12 nearest neighbors. What are the two exceptions of polyatomic ions ending in -ate or -ite? e. polar covalent b. Boric acid will initially decompose into steam, (H2O(g)) and metaboric acid (HBO2) at around 170C, and further heating above 300C will produce more steam and diboron trioxide. Each layer, however, is an "endless" bonded network of carbon atoms. c. Fe(NO2)2 c. PbI4 what is the difference between intermolecular forces and intramolecular forces? b. I2 Thus, the electronic structure of boron nitride is similar to graphite. a. hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) Write the symbols for the ions formed by potassium and sulfur. Much of the study of chemistry, however, involves looking at what happens .